{"id":5234,"date":"2022-10-01T13:01:55","date_gmt":"2022-10-01T13:01:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/139.180.194.18:8999\/?p=5234"},"modified":"2022-12-15T16:10:06","modified_gmt":"2022-12-15T16:10:06","slug":"so-sanh-giua-cong-nghe-do-chenh-ap-va-cong-nghe-phan-tan-nhiet-trong-viec-chon-lua-dong-ho-do-luu-luong-khi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vintec.com.vn\/vi\/so-sanh-giua-cong-nghe-do-chenh-ap-va-cong-nghe-phan-tan-nhiet-trong-viec-chon-lua-dong-ho-do-luu-luong-khi\/","title":{"rendered":"SO S\u00c1NH GI\u1eeeA C\u00d4NG NGH\u1ec6 \u0110O CH\u00caNH \u00c1P V\u00c0 C\u00d4NG NGH\u1ec6 PH\u00c2N T\u00c1N NHI\u1ec6T TRONG VI\u1ec6C CH\u1eccN L\u1ef0A \u0110\u1ed2NG H\u1ed2 \u0110O L\u01afU L\u01af\u1ee2NG KH\u00cd"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y nay, khi m\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng (nh\u01b0 kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, H2<\/sub>, O2<\/sub>, CO2<\/sub>.v.v..) ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t t\u0103ng l\u00ean, th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111o ki\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eb1m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kinh doanh, tuy nhi\u00ean, cho \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty m\u1edbi \u0111ang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n t\u00edch hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c kh\u00ed trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf, t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111o ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i, b\u1ed9 h\u00e2m, v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1t n\u00f3ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u0111o<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chung (General Flow Meter Technologies )<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111o ch\u00eanh \u00e1p (Differential Pressure) v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ch\u00ednh, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111o ki\u1ec3u t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng (Magnetic), si\u00eau \u00e2m (Ultrasonic), Tuabin (Turbine), Venturi, Rotameter, Coriolis, Vortex Shedding, ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa hi\u1ec7n nay. Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam v\u00e0o d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o v\u1edbi n\u00f3, ho\u1eb7c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a “\u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng” tr\u00ean c\u00e1c trang web v\u00e0 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c s\u1ebd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao. L\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ? Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng xem x\u00e9t, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 sau \u0111\u00e2y khi ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho kh\u00ed: nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c (accuracy),  h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 turndown, s\u1ee5t \u00e1p, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ( process temperatures), c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed5 sung b\u1ed9 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i (process connections). \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta so s\u00e1nh t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y trong hai c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh sau \u0111\u00e2y: C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111o ch\u00eanh \u00e1p (Differential Pressure) v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t (Thermal Dispersion technologies)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111o ch\u00eanh \u00e1p (Differential Pressure Technology)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111o ch\u00eanh \u00e1p (differential pressure) v\u1edbi \u0111\u0129a orifice. \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00eanh \u00e1p c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qua \u0111\u0129a orifice t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch trong \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi transmitter ch\u00eanh \u00e1p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 \u1ed1ng pitot, \u1ed1ng pitot trung b\u00ecnh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Annubars), v-wedges, v\u00e0 v-cones (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 McCrometer)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u00eanh \u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ch\u00fang ta c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t kh\u00ed n\u00e9n, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch (h\u00ecnh 2). N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111o kh\u00ed. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam c\u00e1c transmiter nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u1eb1m b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng kh\u00ed trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh. Sau \u0111\u00f3 g\u1eedi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t t\u1edbi PLC ho\u1eb7c DCS, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ra l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u00eam r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed cho vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t. Do v\u1eady, thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5m orifice ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng pitot trung b\u00ecnh, \u2026th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u0111o \u0111a bi\u1ebfn ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo kho\u1ea3ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 (turndown), t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a d\u1ea3i \u0111o, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t t\u0129nh. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u00f4ng l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 +\/- 1%, nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c +\/ – 5% ho\u1eb7c cao h\u01a1n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c sai s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 dung th\u00eam c\u00e1c transmiter nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea3i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng,  ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch! <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u0111o ch\u00eanh \u00e1p (DP) v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m orifice, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 turndown s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 10:1, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 20:1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o transmiter. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 khi d\u1ea3i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 cao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 turndown \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111o ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao c\u1ee7a d\u1ea3i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 “s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t” c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i \u0111o kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p (complexity) c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t (Thermal Dispersion Technology) theo nguy\u00ean l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb3ng d\u00f2ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t (Thermal Dispersion). N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u00eanh nhi\u1ec7t (\u2206T<\/em><\/strong>) ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec7t. V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng (Active RTD) c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111o tham chi\u1ebfu s\u1ebd \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tham chi\u1ebfu. Khi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t t\u0103ng l\u00ean th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u2206T<\/em><\/strong> s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m k\u00e9o theo \u2206R<\/em> <\/strong>v\u00e0 \u2206U<\/em><\/strong> \u0111\u1ea7u ra s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u0111i theo, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u00ecnh 3: Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

H\u00ecnh v\u1ebd n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 r\u1ea5t \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t, b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng (density), \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i (absolute viscosity), h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t (thermal conductivity) v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecdc l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (mass flow) ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i g\u1eafn th\u00eam b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n nguy\u00ean l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb3ng d\u00f2ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u00ecnh 4: S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd – thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb3ng d\u00f2ng<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y do H\u00e3ng FCI<\/a> (M\u1ef9) s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf ra v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i tr\u1ed9i nh\u01b0:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

+<\/strong> K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 s\u1ebd \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111o m\u1ee9c c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea9n, h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed gas, d\u1ea7u hay c\u00e1c kh\u00ed \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u00ecnh 5: T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ra \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a FCI m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb FCI \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecf r\u00f5 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, gas, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

+<\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n g\u1eafn \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u sensor th\u1eadm ch\u00ed v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb xa. N\u00f3 s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111o trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u00ecnh 6: So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hy v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 turndown \u0111\u1ebfn 100:1 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n d\u1ea3i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00f9ng l\u00fac nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb khi ch\u00fang ta ngh\u0129 ra vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111o RTDs trong c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng thermowells, d\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 350\u00b0 F. C\u00f9ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao t\u1eeb  500 \u00b0 F l\u00ean t\u1edbi 850 \u00b0 F m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o ki\u1ec3u in-line, ph\u1ea7n l\u1eafp v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t trong hai lo\u1ea1i b\u1eaft ren (threads) ho\u1eb7c l\u1eafp m\u1eb7t b\u00edch (flanges). Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3u c\u1eafm tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng (Insertion) v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft ren v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng do t\u00ednh ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i, l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 transmiter ch\u00eanh \u00e1p, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 ki\u1ec3m chu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o theo c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb 12 \u0111\u1ebfn 18 th\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a H\u00e3ng FCI, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng online m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u00ecnh 7: \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng FCI v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u201cn\u00f3ng\u201d<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng n\u00ean bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng calib ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00ed duy nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, hydro, oxy, .v.v ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (M\u00eatan v\u00e0 Etan). N\u1ebfu th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y thay \u0111\u1ed5i, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd v\u1eabn l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u01b0 mong mu\u1ed1n. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quy tr\u00ecnh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 (condensation) trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecdc sai do c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111o ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1edfi c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111o RTDs \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 (knock-out) ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u00ecnh 8: \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (flow conditioner)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111o ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u1edf th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u (upstream) v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 l\u01b0u ( downstream) c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ch\u1ea1y th\u1eb3ng (straight-run). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 6 inch (DN 150), th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111o (upstream) l\u00e0 20D (b\u1eb1ng 20 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u00f4ng) v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch sau \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 10D (b\u1eb1ng 10 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u1ed1ng), \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111o cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng tr\u00ean 6 inch (l\u1edbn h\u01a1n DN 150)  kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 15D \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111o v\u00e0 sau \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111o l\u00e0 7.5D. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch 7,5 ft (~ 2.25 m) th\u1eb3ng ch\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng 3 inch (75mm), nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p 22,5 ft (6.75m) ch\u1ea1y th\u1eb3ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng 12 inch (DN300). Khi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y th\u1eb3ng, c\u00f3 v\u1eadt c\u1ea3n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c khu\u1ef7u, van, vv) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. T\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng khu\u1ef7u (elbows) n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng sinh ra c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y xo\u00e1y, l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y. G\u00e2y sai s\u1ed1 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n nay. Nh\u1eb1m kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, H\u00e3ng FCI (M\u1ef9) \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t minh ra b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (flow conditioner) v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u00ecnh 9<\/em>: C\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00ean ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u00eam b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t sai s\u1ed1 n\u00e0o. B\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y (distorted velocity profiles) sinh ra do c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng. S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadt c\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y n\u00ean c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111o, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c trung b\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y. N\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p s\u00e1t th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi t\u1eebng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m l\u1ed7 (perforated plate), ki\u1ec3u Vane, C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng chia nh\u1ecf d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y (Tube bundle) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tab (h\u00ecnh 8). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u01a1 kh\u00ed \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o. T\u1ea5m l\u1ed7 Perforated v\u00e0 vane gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1eb3ng, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n khi g\u1eb7p d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y xo\u00e1y. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ec3u tab \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y xo\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c mi\u1ebfng tab g\u1eafn li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp nhau \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c th\u1eb3ng gi\u00fap cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam c\u00e1c tab \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng nh\u1eb1m ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
H\u00ecnh 10: ST75V c\u1ee7a H\u00e3ng FCI c\u00f9ng b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u00ecnh 11<\/em>: Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u2013 Ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t\/ th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
H\u00ecnh 12: Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed c\u1ea5p cho bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1t \u2013 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
H\u00ecnh 13: Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed O2<\/sub> c\u1ea5p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ec3 s\u1ee5c trong x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i  \u2013 Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y l\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb3ng d\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed trong v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n sai s\u1ed1 trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong th\u1eddi bu\u1ed5i chi ph\u00ed t\u0103ng cao hi\u1ec7n nay. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111o ki\u1ec3m trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh, t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kinh doanh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh H\u00e3ng FCI-M\u1ef9 t\u1ea1i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
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VINTEC ENGINEERING JSC<\/strong>
LK1-L12A, Roman Plaza, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu
Ph\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i M\u1ed7, Q. Nam T\u1eeb Li\u00eam, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i
Tel: +84 24 2284 4488
Fax: +84 24 2284 4489
Mobile: +84 936440286
Email: sales@vintec.com.vn<\/a>
Web: www.vintec.com.vn<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y nay, khi m\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng (nh\u01b0 kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, H2, O2, CO2.v.v..) ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t t\u0103ng l\u00ean, th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111o ki\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eb1m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chi…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5235,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[76],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5234","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fci-measure"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vintec.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5234","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vintec.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vintec.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vintec.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vintec.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5234"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vintec.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5234\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vintec.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5235"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vintec.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5234"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vintec.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5234"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vintec.com.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5234"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}